{
  "name": "Civita True Cost Index",
  "description": "Advertised minimum investment versus verified all-in cost (government fees, due diligence, typical legal fees) for citizenship and residency by investment programs. Single applicant and family of four (two adults, two children). Figures in each program's operating currency, not converted.",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)",
  "attribution": "Civita True Cost Index, citizenships.io",
  "source": "https://citizenships.io/true-cost-index/",
  "verified": "2026-07-10",
  "programs": [
    {
      "country": "Thailand",
      "program": "Thailand Privilege Visa and Long-Term Resident (LTR) Visa",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "Thailand Privilege Bronze one-time membership fee, THB 650,000 (~USD 19,000); LTR has no membership fee but requires qualifying assets or income",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 19000,
      "trueCostSingle": 23500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 23500,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 24,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/thailand/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Latvia",
      "program": "Residence by Investment",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Business equity",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 50000,
      "trueCostSingle": 71500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 75000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 43,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/latvia/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Vanuatu",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "DSP contribution (single)",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 130000,
      "trueCostSingle": 148000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 211000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 14,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/vanuatu/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Dominica",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "EDF donation",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 200000,
      "trueCostSingle": 220500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 286000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 10,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/dominica/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Grenada",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "NTF donation",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 235000,
      "trueCostSingle": 259500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 275500,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 10,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/grenada/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Antigua & Barbuda",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "NDF donation (family up to 4)",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 230000,
      "trueCostSingle": 263500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 276000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 15,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/antigua-and-barbuda/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Greece",
      "program": "Golden Visa",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Conversion/restoration property (EUR 250k tier)",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 250000,
      "trueCostSingle": 264000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 269000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 6,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/greece/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Hungary",
      "program": "Guest Investor Program",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Real-estate fund subscription",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 250000,
      "trueCostSingle": 264000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 269000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 6,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/hungary/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Italy",
      "program": "Investor Visa",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Innovative-startup investment",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 250000,
      "trueCostSingle": 264500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 268000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 6,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/italy/"
    },
    {
      "country": "St Lucia",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "National Economic Fund donation",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 240000,
      "trueCostSingle": 265000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 283000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 10,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/st-lucia/"
    },
    {
      "country": "St Kitts & Nevis",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "SISC contribution",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 250000,
      "trueCostSingle": 275000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 293000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 10,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/st-kitts-and-nevis/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Egypt",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "Non-refundable contribution to the Egyptian public treasury",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 250000,
      "trueCostSingle": 275000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 275000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 10,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/egypt/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Cyprus",
      "program": "Permanent Residence by Investment",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Qualifying property (plus VAT)",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 300000,
      "trueCostSingle": 311500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 313000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 4,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/cyprus/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Panama",
      "program": "Qualified Investor Visa",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "Qualifying real estate",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 300000,
      "trueCostSingle": 316000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 318000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 5,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/panama/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Turkey",
      "program": "Citizenship by Investment",
      "category": "cbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "Qualifying real estate (3-year hold)",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 400000,
      "trueCostSingle": 429000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 433000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 7,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/citizenship-by-investment/turkey/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Malta",
      "program": "Permanent Residence (MPRP)",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Qualifying property",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 375000,
      "trueCostSingle": 457500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 465000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 22,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/malta/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Portugal",
      "program": "Golden Visa (ARI)",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "EUR",
      "route": "Investment fund subscription",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 500000,
      "trueCostSingle": 524262,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 552048,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 5,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/portugal/"
    },
    {
      "country": "United Arab Emirates",
      "program": "Golden Visa",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "Qualifying real estate",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 545000,
      "trueCostSingle": 559500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 563000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 3,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/uae/"
    },
    {
      "country": "United States",
      "program": "EB-5 Immigrant Investor",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "At-risk capital (TEA project)",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 800000,
      "trueCostSingle": 885000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 885000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 11,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/usa-eb5/"
    },
    {
      "country": "New Zealand",
      "program": "Active Investor Plus Visa",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "USD",
      "route": "NZD 5,000,000 (~USD 3,000,000) at-risk Growth investment held 3 years",
      "refundableCapital": false,
      "advertisedMinimum": 3000000,
      "trueCostSingle": 3076500,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 3076500,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 3,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/new-zealand/"
    },
    {
      "country": "Singapore",
      "program": "Global Investor Program",
      "category": "rbi",
      "currency": "SGD",
      "route": "GIP business or fund investment",
      "refundableCapital": true,
      "advertisedMinimum": 10000000,
      "trueCostSingle": 10062000,
      "trueCostFamilyOf4": 10066000,
      "percentAboveAdvertisedSingle": 1,
      "verified": "2026-07-10",
      "sourcePage": "https://citizenships.io/residency-by-investment/singapore/"
    }
  ]
}