🇬🇧
United Kingdom
Tier 1 Investor Visa
£2,000,000
Closed with immediate effect on 17 February 2022, amid a security review
The Closing Window · 2016-2026
Watch a decade of doors close.
Explore a provisional discovery inventory of repricings, closures, product changes, and access losses across a named panel of 19 investment-migration routes. The working record is not one-directional, and unlike products are not treated as equivalent. Scrub the decade, or press play.
Current values reviewed July 2026; historical events provisionalMethodologyResearch status19 panel routes shown
Provisional inventory snapshot
Discovery counts for source review, not released study findings. Historical events remain subject to CIV-R013 official-source and dual-review gates.
2×
Lowest Eastern Caribbean contribution in the panel: $100k in 2016, $200k in 2026
6
Panel routes unavailable to new applicants since 2020: Cyprus, UK, Montenegro, Ireland, Spain, Malta
5→7/10
Portugal legal-residence years for naturalization: 7 for EU/CPLP nationals, 10 for others
Sales sites show today's brochure. This working inventory tests what changed between decision dates.
Civita takes no commission from any program, so we can publish the part the industry prefers to skip: closures, access losses, redesigned products, and non-comparable prices.
The timeline
2026
201620182020202220242026
Your budget:
12
Routes open
$200k
Cheapest passport with Schengen access
12
Open at your budget
6
Routes closed
Recorded in this provisional inventory
- 🇵🇹Portugal: Naturalization residence threshold changes from 5 years to 7 for EU/CPLP nationals and 10 for others; applies to requests after 19 May 2026
- 🇮🇹Italy: Raised again to EUR 300,000 from 1 January 2026: tripled in 17 months
- 🇰🇳St Kitts & Nevis: CIU announces a future genuine-link redesign; current official guidance still states no mandatory residency requirement
- 🇱🇨St Lucia: UK visit-visa requirement took effect at 15:00 GMT on 5 March; limited prior-booking transition ran to 16 April
- 🇺🇸United States: Statutory protection cutoff is scheduled for 30 September 2026; Regional Center authorization runs to 30 September 2027 and threshold indexation is scheduled for 1 January 2027
Route status at the selected year
Closed
🇨🇾
Cyprus
Citizenship by Investment
€2,000,000
Terminated for new applications from 1 November 2020 after the Council of Ministers decision
🇲🇪
Montenegro
Citizenship by Investment
€350,000+
Programme ended 31 December 2022
🇮🇪
Ireland
Immigrant Investor Programme
€1,000,000
Closed to new applications at close of business on 15 February 2023; existing and already approved projects retained transition treatment
🇪🇸
Spain
Golden Visa
€500,000
Ended 3 April 2025
🇲🇹
Malta
Citizenship for Investment (IIP / MEIN)
€600,000+
Direct-investment rules deleted 29 July 2025 after the CJEU judgment; unapproved Part IV applications ceased under Legal Notice 159
🇵🇹
Portugal
Golden Visa (ARI)
€250,000+
started at €500,000
Naturalization residence threshold changes from 5 years to 7 for EU/CPLP nationals and 10 for others; applies to requests after 19 May 2026
🇬🇷
Greece
Golden Visa
€250,000+
started at €250,000
Law 5100/2024 introduced EUR 800,000 and EUR 400,000 tiers from 5 April; qualifying legacy commitments had a 31 August transition cutoff
🇮🇹
Italy
New-resident flat tax · Tax regime
€300,000/yr
started at €100,000/yr
Raised again to EUR 300,000 from 1 January 2026: tripled in 17 months
🇹🇷
Türkiye
Citizenship by Investment
$400,000
started at $1,000,000
State-directed property-valuation rules tightened in 2024; this is not a new 2026 qualifying threshold
🇰🇳
St Kitts & Nevis
Citizenship by Investment
$250,000
CIU announces a future genuine-link redesign; current official guidance still states no mandatory residency requirement
🇩🇲
Dominica
Citizenship by Investment
$200,000
started at $100,000
EDF main-applicant contribution increased to USD 200,000 from 1 July under the regional minimum
🇦🇬
Antigua & Barbuda
Citizenship by Investment
$230,000
started at $200,000
NDF minimum increased to USD 230,000 per application from 1 August
🇬🇩
Grenada
Citizenship by Investment
$235,000
NTF minimum set at USD 235,000 for a single applicant or family of up to four from 1 July
🇱🇨
St Lucia
Citizenship by Investment
$240,000
started at $100,000
UK visit-visa requirement took effect at 15:00 GMT on 5 March; limited prior-booking transition ran to 16 April
🇻🇺
Vanuatu
Development Support Program
Permanent EU visa requirement takes effect 3 February 2025 under Regulation (EU) 2025/11
🇺🇸
United States
EB-5 Investor Green Card
$800,000
started at $500,000
Statutory protection cutoff is scheduled for 30 September 2026; Regional Center authorization runs to 30 September 2027 and threshold indexation is scheduled for 1 January 2027
🇦🇪
UAE
Golden Visa
AED 2M
started at AED 5M
Redesigned framework sets the property threshold at AED 2,000,000; code as a product change as well as a lower threshold
🇭🇺
Hungary
Investor Residency
€250,000
Distinct Guest Investor Programme launches 1 July 2024 with a EUR 250,000 fund route; not a continuation of the residency-bond program
Headline minimum for a single applicant at the time, before fees and dependents. USD figures are approximate orientation conversions and are not used as historical price evidence. Current figures match our reviewed program records as of July 2026; historical events remain provisional discovery inputs pending official-source and dual review under CIV-R013. This is a named working panel, not a released dataset or a census of the market, and it does not know your passport, family, or tax position.
What the inventory asks us to test
Four hypotheses for source review
01
Price changes are not one-way.
The panel contains cuts, increases, tiering, and redesigned products. Turkey rose after a major cut but did not exceed its original 2016 threshold; Antigua rose above its earlier floor; St Kitts returned to an earlier floor. Continuity matters more than a dramatic arrow.
02
Availability can change abruptly.
Several routes stopped accepting new applicants with little or no useful planning runway. The relevant dates are not interchangeable: announcement, enactment, filing cutoff, and legal effect must be recorded separately.
03
A stable price can conceal a changed product.
Visa access, qualifying options, residence duties, and due-diligence rules can change without a new headline minimum. Those events belong in the record, but not in a fictional dollar conversion.
04
Like-for-like comparison is the hard part.
A donation is not recoverable capital, a geographically limited property tier is not a nationwide route, and a successor program is not automatically continuous with its predecessor. The working inventory flags those breaks before any change calculation is eligible for publication.
What might move next: read the 2026 At-Risk Watchlist.
What this timeline cannot tell you
- Which routes accept your nationality, and which quietly do not
- The real all-in cost for your family size, not the headline minimum
- Your tax exposure before and after the move
- How your source of funds will hold up in due diligence
- Which routes have documented policy signals relevant to your timeline
That is the work we sell, and the reason this tool is free.
The rules change. Plan against the record.
Policy changes can turn a workable route into a poor fit without changing its headline price. A Program-Fit Report ($149)maps which routes are open to your passport, budget, and family today, and flags documented policy signals that may affect timing. A Strategy Session ($750) turns it into a plan with dates.
Not ready? Use the free Program Explorer first.
Methodology
How this timeline is built
Each price is the headline qualifying contribution or investment for the stated option, generally for one main applicant and excluding government fees, diligence, dependants, and professional costs. Announcement, enactment, filing-cutoff, and effective dates are recorded separately; the effective date controls analysis where it is known. Native currency is the legal record. Approximate USD values are orientation labels, not evidence for historical percentage-change calculations. Current values were reviewed in July 2026. The historical panel is being rebuilt as an event-level official-source research ledger with continuity and comparability flags; only verified like-for-like rows will enter a released dataset or published findings.
Research status
Provisional discovery inventory; not a released study.Current program values have been reviewed, but historical event rows remain subject to CIV-R013 official-source and dual-review gates. Do not cite the inventory counts or historical change calculations as Civita study findings yet.
Correction recorded: Ireland is coded at a EUR 500,000 enterprise-investment minimum in 2016 and restored to EUR 1,000,000 from 1 January 2017. The event remains provisional until it clears the same release gates as every other historical row.
Questions
The short answers
- Why do golden visa and citizenship-by-investment prices keep rising?
- They do not move in only one direction. The panel contains increases, cuts, tiering, closures, and successor routes. Antigua's contribution floor fell and later rose above its earlier level; St Kitts returned to an earlier floor after a temporary reduction; and Turkey's property threshold rose after a large cut but remained below its original 2016 level. Regional minimums, regulation, and product redesign all matter, so each route has to be compared on a continuous, like-for-like basis.
- Which golden visa and citizenship programs have closed?
- Within this provisional discovery inventory, routes coded as no longer available to new applicants since 2020 include Cyprus, the UK Tier 1 Investor visa, Montenegro, Ireland, Spain, and Malta's investor-citizenship route. Malta's direct-investment rules were deleted on 29 July 2025 after the April EU Court of Justice judgment; the judgment itself was not the statutory repeal date. Hungary's bond route closed in 2017; its later Guest Investor Programme is coded as a successor, not as a continuous reopening of the same product. Historical event rows remain subject to official-source and dual review before publication as study findings.
- What is the cheapest citizenship by investment in 2026?
- For a single applicant before fees, Dominica's non-refundable contribution starts at US$200,000; Antigua, Grenada, St Lucia, and St Kitts are between US$230,000 and US$250,000. Vanuatu's contribution threshold is lower, but the EU revoked its visa exemption. Price and mobility therefore have to be compared separately.
- Will golden visa prices come back down?
- No reliable rule predicts the next move. Prices have fallen as well as risen, while some apparent reductions introduced a different product or successor route. Applicants should compare the route available now against their decision window, total cost, rights, and policy risk rather than assume either a future discount or an inevitable increase.
Deeper reading: the cheapest CBI, with the real fees andthe True Cost Index.